Figure 1. Before and after a composite filling (dental restoration). The upper image shows the tooth defect, the lower image shows the restoration. The image was provided by the patient with kind permission.
A composite filling, also known as a tooth-colored filling, is a dental restoration material commonly used to repair decayed or damaged teeth. It is composed of a mixture of resin and small glass particles, giving it a natural tooth-like appearance.
According to the American Dental Association (ADA), composite fillings are made of a blend of plastic and glass materials [1]. The ADA explains that composite fillings are a popular choice due to their ability to match the color of the natural tooth, providing a more aesthetically pleasing result [1].
The procedure for placing a composite filling involves several steps. The Mayo Clinic outlines the process [2]:
1. removal of decayed or damaged tooth material
2. the tooth is then prepared by etching the surface with an acid solution to enhance the bonding of the composite material.
3. multiple layers of the composite resin are applied and hardened using a curing light.
4. filling is shaped and polished to achieve a natural appearance.
The advantages of composite fillings over traditional amalgam (metal) fillings are well-documented. The ADA states that composite fillings require less removal of healthy tooth structure compared to amalgam fillings, which can help preserve more natural tooth structure [1]. Composite fillings are also considered to be a safe and biocompatible option, as they do not contain mercury or other potentially harmful metals [1].
On the other hand, it is important to note that composite fillings may not be suitable for all cases. The Cleveland Clinic mentions that composite fillings are best suited for small to medium-sized cavities, as they may not be as durable as amalgam fillings for larger restorations or areas with heavy chewing forces [3].
In summary, a composite filling is a tooth-colored dental restoration material made of resin and glass particles. It offers aesthetic advantages, requires less removal of healthy tooth structure, and is considered safe and biocompatible. However, its suitability may vary depending on the size and location of the restoration needed.
References:
American Dental Association (ADA). (n.d.). Tooth-Colored Fillings (Composite Resins). Retrieved from https://www.ada.org/en/member-center/oral-health-topics/tooth-colored-fillings-composites
Mayo Clinic. (2020, July 30). Composite resins: Fillings for cavities. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cavities/expert-answers/composite-resin/faq-20058011
Cleveland Clinic. (2021, July 21). Dental Fillings: Gold, Amalgam, Composite, Ceramic and More. Retrieved from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/10859-dental-fillings
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Updated: 05-08-2023