Five (5) Ways Dentists Can Treat Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders (click to enlarge).
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) can be treated by a dentist through various approaches depending on the severity and underlying causes of the condition. Here are some common treatment methods used by dentists:
1. Occlusal splints or oral appliances: Dentists often prescribe custom-made oral appliances or occlusal splints to help alleviate TMJ symptoms.
These appliances are worn over the teeth and help to:
- reposition the jaw
- reduce pressure on the temporomandibular joint
- prevent teeth grinding or clenching
- stabilize the bite and promote proper jaw alignment [1]
2. Medications: Dentists may prescribe medications to relieve pain and inflammation associated with TMJ. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, and low-dose antidepressants are commonly used to manage TMJ symptoms. However, medication alone may not address the underlying cause of TMJ and is often combined with other treatment modalities. [2]
3. Bite adjustment: In cases where TMJ is caused by a misaligned bite or teeth grinding, the dentist may recommend bite adjustment or occlusal equilibration. This involves reshaping the biting surfaces of the teeth to improve the alignment and distribution of forces during biting and chewing. Bite adjustment aims to reduce the strain on the temporomandibular joint and promote a more stable jaw position. [3]
4. Dental restorations: If TMJ is caused by dental problems such as missing teeth or malocclusion, the dentist may recommend dental restorations. These can include dental crowns, bridges, or orthodontic treatments to correct the bite and restore proper alignment. Dental restorations can help improve the function of the jaw and alleviate TMJ symptoms. [4]
5. Physical therapy and exercises: Dentists may collaborate with physical therapists to develop a treatment plan for TMJ. Physical therapy techniques such as ultrasound, moist heat, and jaw exercises can help relax the muscles, improve range of motion, and reduce pain. Dentists may also provide guidance on self-care practices and exercises that patients can do at home to manage TMJ symptoms. [5]
It's important to note that the treatment approach for TMJ may vary based on individual patient needs and the dentist's clinical judgment. If you are experiencing TMJ symptoms, it is best to consult with a qualified dentist or a specialist in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan.
References:
[1] American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. (n.d.). Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.aaoms.org/docs/practice_resources/clinical_resources/tmj_disorders.pdf
[2] National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. (2018). Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/sites/default/files/2018-12/tmj-disorders.pdf
[3] American Dental Association. (n.d.). Occlusal Adjustment. Retrieved from https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/o/Occlusal-Adjustment
[4] Huddleston Slater JJ, Lobbezoo F, et al. (2018). Dental restorations for managing the worn dentition: a review. J Oral Rehabil. 45(10): 833-847.
[5] Jang YJ, Lee JH. (2017). Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Occlusal Rehabilitation. J Oral Rehabil. 44(7): 500-511.
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Updated: 05-29-2023